Glass Ceiling Factors, Job Satisfaction and Job Switching Decisions of Female Employees in Private Sector Enterprises of Bangladesh

Abstract

Abstract- The Glass ceiling is an important barrier in the developing world like Bangladesh. But there are few studies on the private sector businesses of Bangladesh in this regard. Hence, this study aims to determine the influence of glass ceiling factors on the job satisfaction and job switching decisions of female employees in the private sector business of Bangladesh. This study was conducted by using a structured questionnaire on 177 female employees from two private sector industries such as, banking and telecommunication sectors of Bangladesh. The data were collected by using random sampling techniques. The study used Ordered Logit and Binary Logit Regression techniques. This study found that female employees working in banking sector hold more job satisfaction than those of the telecommunication sector. This study also found that glass ceiling related variables has no significant relationship with the job satisfaction of female employees, but there are several glass ceiling factors that have statistically significant influences on their decisions about changing the existing jobs of women employees. The glass ceiling factors are concerned with the discriminations: by any male colleague, to move to higher management position, for promotion, and in job security, and switching to better jobs. Some other glass ceiling factors also show a statistically significant relationship with not willing to change jobs. These are: the married women or the women who like to be isolated in the workplace, or those who have a good network and understanding within the organization. In order to improve the situation, several initiatives need to be taken in the organization like awareness building, standard and ethical human resource practices, strict policies for discriminatory attitudes and behavior, etc.